This scoping review in Health Education & Behavior looks at strengths-based programs for young people aged 12–24 at risk of toxic stress which target mental health or substance use through improved family functioning and parenting skills. Reviewing 33 programs, the authors found positive impacts on youth mental health and emotional regulation. However, the study also identified key gaps including a lack of culturally responsive approaches and insufficient evaluation methods. The findings support the promise of family-centred, relational interventions and call for more rigorous, inclusive research.
